Benefits of Progesterone Replacement
- Precursor to the sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone)1
- Maintains uterine lining2
- Promotes the survival of the embryo and fetus throughout gestation3-5
- Supports hormonal balance supporting breast tissue against fibrocystic breasts6
- Natural diuretic7
- Supports healthy moods by itself and when balanced with other hormones8-14
- Aids thyroid hormone action15-18
- Supports healthy blood clotting19-21
- Supports a healthy brain and neuroplasticity22-28
- Helps healthy blood sugar levels29-34
- Protects against abnormal cell development in the endometrium and breast tissue35-40
- Sustains strong bones41-43
Side Effects
There are no side effects associated with natural progesterone. However, women who are estrogen-dominant may experience premenstrual mood swings, depression, breast swelling, heavy or irregular periods, and sleep disturbances. If a dose of progesterone is missed, a woman may experience menstrual bleeding.Administration
Natural progesterone comes in many forms, most commonly a topical cream, an oral capsule, and a sublingual tablet. Progesterone’s half-life is approximately eight hours, which results in the need to take natural progesterone twice a day. Progesterone levels should be measured by a physician to ensure levels are in a therapeutic range.Related Articles:
References:
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- Schwartz E, Holtorf K. Hormone replacement therapy in the geriatric patient: current state of the evidence and questions for the future. Estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and thyroid hormone augmentation in geriatric clinical practice: part 1. Clin Geriatr Med. 2011 Nov;27(4):541-59.
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- Jahagirdar V, et al. Maternal hypothyroidism decreases progesterone receptor expression in the cortical subplate of foetal rat brain. J Neuroendocrinol. 2012 Aug;24(8):1126-34.
- Szelényi Z, Péczely P. Thyroxin induced moult in domestic hen. Acta Physiol Hung. 1988;72(2):143-9.
- Leers J, et al. A thyroid hormone receptor-dependent glucocorticoid induction. Mol Endocrinol. 1994 Apr;8(4):440-7.
- Kaibara M, et al. Effect of high-dose progestogen on hemostatic properties of blood in patients with endometrial cancer. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2001;24(2):93-9.
- Matsuoka T, et al. Effects of restricted feeding on fetal and placental development in pregnant rabbits. J Toxicol Sci. 2012 Feb;37(1):207-14.
- Henriquez S, et al. Progesterone utilizes distinct membrane pools of tissue factor to increase coagulation and invasion and these effects are inhibited by TFPI. J Cell Physiol. 2011 Dec;226(12):3278-85.
- Singh M, et al. Non-genomic mechanisms of progesterone action in the brain. Front Neurosci. 2013 Sep 19;7:159.
- Singh M, et al. Estrogens and progesterone as neuroprotectants: what animal models teach us. Front Biosci. 2008 Jan 1;13:1083-9.
- Balasubramanian B, et al. (2008). Nonclassical mechanisms of progesterone action in the brain: II. Role of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in progesterone-mediated signaling in the hypothalamus of female rats. Endocrinology 149, 5518–5526.
- Liu B., Arbogast L. A. (2009). Gene expression profiles of intracellular and membrane progesterone receptor isoforms in the mediobasal hypothalamus during pro-oestrus. J. Neuroendocrinol. 21, 993–1000.
- Intlekofer KA, Petersen SL. Distribution of mRNAs encoding classical progestin receptor, progesterone membrane components 1 and 2, serpine mRNA binding protein 1, and progestin and ADIPOQ receptor family members 7 and 8 in rat forebrain. Neuroscience. 2011 Jan 13;172:55-65.
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- Castrogiovanni D, et al. Fructose rich diet-induced high plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) production in the adult female rat: protective effect of progesterone. Nutrients. 2012 Aug;4(8):1137-50.
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